This is an essay on “Economic Justice” for CSS, PMS, and Judiciary examination. The economy is the backbone of every state in the world. So, there must be justice in the economy too. Economic Justice is the prime focus of the government of the State to provide for its citizens. So, to understand Economic Justice in Islam here is an essay on the topic of “Economic Justice”.
Essay on “Economic Justice”
It is not true. that some human beings are by nature superior and others inferior. All men are equal in their natural dignity. The basis for all that economists believe about the moral dimensions of economic life is its vision of the transcendent worth the sacredness of human beings. The dignity of the human person, realized in community with others, is the criterion against which an aspect of economic life must be measured.
There are the following basic principles of economic life:
- Economic activity should be governed by justice and be carried out within the limits of morality. It must serve the people’s needs.
- The right to have a share of earthly goods sufficient for oneself and one’s family belongs to everyone.
- Economic prosperity is to be assessed not so much from the sum total of goods and wealth possessed as from the distribution of goods according to norms of justice.
- Opportunities to work must be provided for those who are able and willing to work. Every pers9n has the right to useful employment, to just wages, and to adequate assistance in case of real need.
- Economic development must not be left to the sole judgment of a few persons or groups possessing excessive economic p9wer, or to the political community alone. On the contrary, at every level, the largest possible number of people should have an active share in directing that development.
- A just and equitable system of taxation requires assessment according to the ability to pay.
- Government must play a role in the economic activity of its citizens. Indeed, it should promote in a suitable manner the production of a sufficient supply of material goods. Moreover, it should safeguard the rights of all citizens, · and help them find opportunities for employment.”
Basic Human Rights in Economic Life
A number of basic human rights economic life is following:
- The right to productive employment,
- The right to just wages
- The right to an adequate income
- The rights of workers to organize and bargain collectively,
- The right to own property for the many as protection of freedom, and
- The right to participate in economic decisions
The needs of the poor take priority over the desires of the rich; the rights of workers over the maximization of profits; the preservation of the environment over uncontrolled industrial expansion; production to meet social needs over production for military purposes.
The way society responds to the needs of the poor through its public policies is the litmus test of its justice or injustice. The justice of a socioeconomic system and, in each case, it’s just functioning, deserve in the final analysis to be evaluated by the way in which man’s work is properly remunerated in the system. A just wage is the concrete means of verifying the justice of the whole socioeconomic system and, in any case, of checking that it is functioning justly. It is not the only means of checking, but it is a particularly important one and in a sense the key means.
The obligation to provide justice for all means that the poor have the single most urgent economic claim on the conscience of the nation. The fulfillment of the basic needs of the poor is of the highest priority. Personal decisions, policies of private and public bodies, and power relationships must all be evaluated by their effects on those who lack the minimum necessities of nutrition, housing, education, and health care.
In particular, this principle recognizes that meeting fundamental human needs must come before the fulfillment of desires for luxury consumer goods, for-profits not conducive to the common good, and for necessary military hardware. Decisions must be judged in light of what they do for the poor, what they do to the poor, and what they enable the poor to do for themselves.
The prime purpose of this special commitment to the poor is to enable them to become active participants in the life of society. It is to enable all persons to share in and contribute to the common good.
If the organization and structure of economic life be such that the human dignity of workers is compromised, or their sense of responsibility is weakened, or their freedom of action is removed, then we judge such an economic order to be unjust, even though it produces a vast amount of goods, whose distribution conforms to the norms of justice and equity. The ultimate and basic purpose of economic production does not consist merely in the increase of goods produced, nor in profit nor prestige; it is directed to the service of man, of man, that is, in his totality, taking into account his material needs and the requirements of his intellectual, moral, spiritual, and religious life; of all men whomsoever and of every group of men of whatever race or from whatever part of the world.
Human work has an ethical value of its own, which clearly and directly remains linked to the fact that the one who carries it out is a person, a conscious and free subject, that is to say, a subject that decides about himself. The basis fr determining the value of human work is not primarily the kind of work being done, but the fact that the one who is doing it is a person.
Man must work both because the Creator has commanded it and because of his own humanity, which requires work in order to be maintained and developed. Man must work out of regard for others, especially his own family, but also for the society he belongs to, the country of which he is a child and the whole human family of which he is a member since he is the heir to the work of generations and at the same time a sharer in building the future of those who will come after him in the succession of history. All this constitutes the moral obligation of work, understood in its wide sense.
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